Ciwon KwalloAn Bayyana Haƙuri

Shin kun fahimci juriya da abin da suke nufi?Idan ba haka ba, ba kai kaɗai ba.Ana yawan ambaton waɗannan amma sau da yawa ba tare da fahimtar ainihin abin da suke nufi ba.Shafukan yanar gizo masu sauƙin bayani na ɗaukar haƙuri suna da wuya sosai don haka mun yanke shawarar cike gibin.Don haka, idan kuna son sanin menene "yana nufin ɗaukar karkacewa" kuma "guda ɗaya yana da bambancin" a zahiri ma'anar?Ci gaba da karantawa kamar yadda muke fatan za mu ƙara bayyana wannan.

karkata

Wannan yana nuna nisa daga girman ma'auni, ainihin ma'aunin an yarda ya kasance.The maras muhimmanci girma ne wanda aka nuna a cikin manufacturer ta kasida misali 6200 yana da maras muhimmanci gundura na 10mm, 688 yana da maras muhimmanci gundura na 8mm da dai sauransu Iyaka a kan matsakaicin sabawa daga wadannan girma ne musamman muhimmanci.Ba tare da ƙa'idodin haƙuri na ƙasa da ƙasa don bearings (ISO da AFBMA), zai kasance ga kowane masana'anta.Wannan na iya nufin ka ba da odar 688 bearing (8mm bore) kawai don gano cewa 7mm bulo ne kuma ba zai dace da sandar ba.Haƙurin juzu'i yawanci yana ƙyale guntun ko OD ya zama ƙarami amma bai fi girma girma ba.

Ma'anar Bore/OD Deviation

… ko jirgin sama guda yana nufin karkatar da diamita.Wannan yana da mahimmancin haƙuri yayin neman kusanci kusa da zoben ciki da shaft ko zobe na waje da gidaje.Da farko kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa ɗaukar nauyi ba ta zagaye ba.Tabbas bai yi nisa ba amma lokacin da kuka fara aunawa a cikin microns (dubu na millimeter) zaku gane ma'aunin ya bambanta.Bari mu ɗauki ɓangarorin 688 (8 x 16 x 5mm) azaman misali.Dangane da inda a cikin zobe na ciki da kuke ɗaukar ma'aunin ku, zaku iya samun karatun ko'ina, a ce, tsakanin 8mm da 7.991 mm don haka menene kuke ɗauka azaman girman?Wannan shi ne inda Ma'anar Ma'anar ke shigowa. Wannan ya haɗa da ɗaukar ma'auni masu yawa a cikin jirgin sama na radial guda ɗaya (za mu zo ga hakan a cikin minti ɗaya) a kan gunkin ko OD don matsakaita diamita na wannan zobe.

Wannan zane yana wakiltar zoben ɗaukar ciki.Kibau suna wakiltar ma'aunai daban-daban da aka ɗauka a kan gungumen a wurare daban-daban don taimakawa gano ma'auni.An ɗauki wannan ma'auni daidai a cikin jirgin sama radial guda ɗaya watau a lokaci guda tare da tsawon gunkin.Hakanan ya kamata a ɗauki saitin ma'auni a cikin jirage masu saukar ungulu daban-daban don tabbatar da cewa gunkin yana cikin juriya tare da tsayinsa.Hakanan ya shafi ma'aunin zobe na waje.

Wannan zane yana nuna yadda BA A yi shi ba.An ɗauki kowane ma'auni a wani wuri daban tare da tsawon zoben da aka ɗauka, a wasu kalmomi, kowane ma'auni an ɗauka a cikin wani jirgin sama na radial daban-daban.

A sauƙaƙe, ana ƙididdige girman maƙasudi kamar haka:

Wannan yana da amfani sosai yayin ƙididdige juriyar juzu'i fiye da ma'auni guda ɗaya wanda zai iya zama yaudara.

Bari mu ce ma'anar juriyar jurewar juzu'i don ɗaukar P0 shine +0/-8 micron.Wannan yana nufin cewa maƙasudin ƙima na iya zama tsakanin 7.992mm da 8.000mm.Haka ka'ida ta shafi zobe na waje.

Ra'ayin Nisa

… ko karkatar da faɗin zobe ɗaya na ciki ko na waje daga girman ƙima.Ba a buƙatar bayani da yawa a nan.Kamar yadda yake tare da girma da OD, nisa dole ne a sarrafa shi a cikin wasu juriya.Tun da nisa yawanci ba shi da mahimmanci, haƙurin ya fi fa'ida fiye da na ɗimbin ɗaki ko OD.Lalacewar faɗin +0/-120 yana nufin cewa idan ka auna faɗin zobe na ciki ko na waje a kowane wuri guda a kusa, ka ce, 688 ( faɗin faɗin 4mm), kada ya zama faɗin fiye da 4mm (girman ƙima) ko kunkuntar fiye da 3.880mm.

Bambance-bambance

Bambance-bambancen haƙuri yana tabbatar da zagaye.A cikin wannan zane na mummunan waje-na-zagaye zobe na ciki 688, mafi girman ma'auni shine 9.000mm kuma mafi ƙarancin 7.000mm.Idan muka lissafta ma'anar girman girman (9.000 + 7.000 ÷ 2) zamu fito da 8.000mm.Muna cikin madaidaicin jure juzu'in juzu'i amma ɗaukar nauyi zai zama a fili ba za a iya amfani da shi ba don haka ka ga karkacewa da bambancin na iya zama mara amfani ba tare da juna ba.

Bambancin Guda Guda/OD

... ko kuma mafi daidai, Bambancin Diamita na Bore/OD a cikin Jirgin Radial Guda ɗaya (hakika, yanzu kun san komai game da jirage radial guda ɗaya!).Dubi zanen da ke gefen hagu inda ma'auni na guntu ke tsakanin 8.000mm da 7.996mm.Bambanci tsakanin mafi girma da ƙarami shine 0.004mm, saboda haka, bambancin diamita a cikin wannan jirgin sama na radial guda ɗaya, shine 0.004mm ko 4 microns.

Ma'anar Bore/OD Bambancin Diamita

Ok, godiya ga ma'anar ɓarna / OD da bambance-bambancen guda ɗaya / OD, muna farin ciki cewa ƙarfinmu yana kusa da girman daidai kuma yana da isa sosai amma menene idan akwai mai yawa na taper akan guntun ko OD kamar yadda yake. zanen da ke hannun dama (eh, an wuce gona da iri!).Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kuma muna da ma'ana mara kyau da iyakokin bambancin OD.

Don samun ma'ana ko bambancin OD, muna yin rikodin ma'ana ko OD a cikin jiragen radial daban-daban sannan mu duba bambanci tsakanin babba da ƙarami.A ɗauka cewa a gefen hagu a nan, babban saitin ma'auni yana ba da ma'anar girman girman 7.999mm, tsakiya shine 7.997mm kuma ƙasa shine 7.994mm.Ɗauki mafi ƙanƙanta daga mafi girma (7.999 -7.994) kuma sakamakon shine 0.005mm.Matsakaicin bambancin mu shine 5 microns.

Bambancin Nisa

Sa'an nan, sosai madaidaiciya.Bari mu ɗauka, don wani ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun nisa da aka halatta shine 15 microns.Idan za a auna faɗin zoben ciki ko na waje a wurare daban-daban, ma'aunin mafi girma bai kamata ya wuce microns 15 mafi ƙarami ba.

Radial Runout

...na haɗakar da zoben ciki/ waje har yanzu wani muhimmin al'amari ne na ɗaukar haƙuri.A ce ma'anar karkatar da zobe na ciki da na waje yana cikin iyaka kuma zagaye yana cikin bambance-bambancen da aka yarda, tabbas wannan shine abin da muke buƙatar damuwa akai?Dubi wannan zane na zobe na ciki mai ɗauka.Bambancin guntun ba shi da kyau haka ma bambance-bambancen guntun amma dubi yadda fadin zoben ya bambanta.Kamar kowane abu, faɗin zobe ba daidai ba ne a kowane wuri a kewayen kewaye amma jurewar radial runout yana nuna nawa wannan zai iya bambanta.

Ringin zobe na ciki

… ana gwada shi ta hanyar auna duk maki akan da'irar zobe na ciki yayin juyin juya hali daya yayin da zoben waje ke tsaye kuma yana dauke mafi karancin ma'auni daga mafi girma.Wannan alkalumman runout na radial da aka bayar a cikin allunan haƙuri suna nuna matsakaicin bambancin da aka yarda.Bambance-bambancen kaurin zobe anan an wuce gona da iri don kwatanta batun a fili.

Ring din waje

ana gwada shi ta hanyar auna dukkan maki akan da'irar zobe na waje yayin juyin juya halin daya yayin da zoben ciki a tsaye yake kuma dauke mafi karancin ma'auni daga mafi girma.

Fuskar Rushewa/Buguwa

Wannan haƙuri yana tabbatar da saman zobe na ciki yana kusa da kusurwar dama tare da fuskar zoben ciki.Ƙididdiga masu haƙuri don fitowar fuska/bore ana ba da su ne kawai don ɗaukar matakan P5 da P4 daidaitattun maki.Dukkan maki akan da'irar zobe na ciki kusa da fuska ana auna su ne yayin juyi guda yayin da zoben waje a tsaye yake.Daga nan sai a juye juye-juye sannan a duba dayan bangaren bodar.Ɗauki mafi girman ma'auni daga mafi ƙanƙanta don samun jurewar ƙurawar fuska.

Face Runout/OD

… ko bambancin waje generatrix karkata zuwa ga fuska.Wannan haƙuri yana tabbatar da saman zobe na waje yana kusa da isa zuwa kusurwar dama tare da fuskar zoben waje.An ba da ƙididdiga masu haƙuri don fitowar fuska/OD don makin P5 da P4 daidaitattun maki.Dukkan maki akan da'irar zobe na waje kusa da fuska ana auna su ne yayin juyi guda yayin da zoben ciki a tsaye yake.Daga nan sai a juye juye-juye sannan a duba daya gefen zoben na waje.Ɗauki mafi girman ma'auni nesa da mafi ƙanƙanta don samun jurewar ƙurawar fuska/OD.

Face Runout/Raceway suna kama da juna amma, a maimakon haka, kwatanta karkatar saman titin tseren zobe na ciki ko na waje tare da fuskar zoben ciki ko ta waje.